Shown below is a recording of said issue: Talking to Joe in the Piano Room also does nothing, he just says his default text and nothing else or any quest indication.
If any of those keys are from before today, they are considered a different item and won't count. If you throw the ones you have away and collect fresh ones it should work.
Not sure about having untradable quest keys, but I just picked up some fresh tradable keys and it's not registered in the quest either.